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Pronouns

I, me 私watashi
You あなたanata
He 彼kare
She 彼女kanojo
We 私たちwatashi tachi
You (to a group) あなたがたanata ga ta
They 彼らはkarera wa

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Relationships

Mother 母親hahaoya Father 父親chichioya Son 息子musuko Daughter 娘musume Younger daughter 下の娘shitano musume Younger son 下の息子shitano musuko Eldest daughter 長女chōjo Eldest son 長男chōnan Brother 兄、弟、兄弟ani, otōto, kyoōdai Elder brother 兄ani Younger brother 弟otōto Sister 姉、妹、姉妹ane, imōto, shimai Elder sister 姉ane Younger sister 妹imōto Cousin (masc.) 従兄弟itoko Cousin (fem.) 従姉妹itoko Mom お母さんokāsan Dad, daddy お父さんotōsan Parents 親oya Child 子供kodomo Children 子供kodomo Grandmother 祖母sobo Grandfather 祖父sofu Grandson 孫息子mago musuko Granddaughter 孫娘mago musume Grandchildren 孫mago Uncle 伯父oji Aunt 伯母oba Nephew 甥oi Nephew 甥oi Niece 姪mei Mother-in-law (wife's Mother)妻の母親tsuma no hahaoya Father-in-law(husband's father)義父gifu Son-in-law (daughter'shusband)娘の夫musume no otto Stepmother 継母keibo Stepfather 継父keifu Infant 乳児nyūji Baby (infant) 赤ん坊akanbō Little boy, kid 子供kodomo Wife 妻tsuma Husband 夫otto Spouse (husband) 配偶者haigū sha Spouse (wife) 配偶者haigū sha Married (masc.) 既婚のkikon no Married (fem.) 既婚のk...

To Address

Excuse me! すみません、… sumimasen , … Mister, sir …さん…san Ma'am …さん…san Miss …さん…san Young man …さん…san Young man (little boy) …ちゃん…chan Miss (little girl) …ちゃん…chan

Prepositions

With (accompanied by) …と、…と共に… to, totomoni Without …なしで… nashi de To (indicating direction) …へ… he About (talking ~ ...) …について… ni tsuite Before (in time) …の前に… no mae ni In front of … …の正面に… no shōmen ni Under (beneath,below)下にshita ni Above (over) 上側にuwagawa ni On (atop) 上にue ni From (off, out of) …から… kara Of (made from) …製の… sei no In (e.g., ~ ten minutes) …で… de Over (across the top of)…を越えて… wo koe te